Pumping mechanism



March 23,1926.

v l. B. HUMPHREYS PUMPING MEGHANISM Filed Feb. 24 1923 I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 23 192s. 1,577,971

I. B. HUMPHREYS l PUMPING MECHANISM Filed Feb. 24, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 PUMING MECHANXSM Filed Feb. 24,

3 Sheets-Seet 5 patented Mar. E, H5925.

UNITED STATES IRA B. HUMPHREYS, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

PUMPING MECHANISM.

Application filed February. 24, 1923. Serial No. 620,913.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, IRA B. HUMPHREYS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new andl useful Improvements in Pumping Mechanism.J of which .the following is a specification, reference being hadvtherein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relatesto improvements in pumping mechanisms and more particularly to a iuid operated pumping mechanism.

My improved pumping mechanism is particularly adapted for use in deep wells for pumping water, oil or any other liquid therefrom. The present arrangement now used in deep wells is objectionable because' of the fact that a rigid pump rod extending the entire depth ot' the well is the usual form of pump mechanism and the use ot a construction of this nature has many limi tations, which includes speed and capacity, among other objections well known to those skilled in the art. l

In my pumping mechanism the rigid pump rod construction is done away with by the use of a column of liquid'under pressure which operates as thc motive power to elevate the liquid to the point desired.

My improved pump is a double action pump for elevating liquids from deep wells to a suitable point above th-e well where it is delivered and among other features of construction consists of a pumpingmechanism which may be disposed in any suitable source of liquid supply such as a pipe or well and the actuating means may be situ ated in any convenient place, which may be remote from the well or pipe.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a iiuid operated pump to elevate Huid from a source of supply and to have the pump actuated from a remote point by iluid means.

provide double acting fluid operated pump for elevating iiuids and to operate the pump by .a Huid under pressure from a remote point.

Another object of the invention is to provide a combined hydraulic pump and engine having the engine exhaust and pump discharge through the same channels.` i

Another object of the invention isfltoprovide a device of the character described-1 having only one inlet and one outletpipe'" or channel.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a combined double acting hydraulic pump and engine having only two working valves. l

A further object of the invention is to provide a combined hydraulic pump and to provide a novel means for throwing the device off of dead center -should the same ever assume this position.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical sectional view of my improved pumping mechanism, the inlet and outlet pipes at the top of the device being shown in side elevation, and the operating parts of the mechanism being shown at the top of the upward stroke ot the pump piston.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of my improved device the operating parts of the device being shown atthe end of the downward stroke of the pump piston.

Fig. 3 is avertical sectional vview showing the control valve and the working valve in the positions they assume just prior to the reversing of the direction oi movement or' the pump piston, the positionsthey assume after the reversing of the movement of the pump piston being shown in dotted lines.

Fig. 4t is a vertical sectional view ofthe same parts shown in Fig. 3, the control valve and working valve being shown ina position which I have termed as dead center while in dotted lines the parts are shown in an extended position which they assume when the device is forced off the dead cen ture of my improved pumping-device but I l desire it to be understoodthat many minor changes of construction could be made in the particular adaptation shown in these drawings without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Throughout the description of the drawings similar parts are designated by like reference numerals, A representing the side walls of a well or well casing, B representing the outlet pipe or casing of the pumping mechanism, C representing the inlet or high pressure pipe or casing. D represents the control valve housing in which the control valve E is adapted to reciprocate to effeet a movement of the working valve F. Gr designates the plunger rod which carries the working or pump piston H which is adapted to reciproc-ate the pump plunger J within the pump plunger cylinder or chamber K. The piston barrel or cylinder is designated at L.

Attention is called to the fact that the pump mechanism shown in tlie=drawings is to such a small scale that it has been dii'ticult to set the invention forth clearly. From the top of the'control valve housing D to the bottom 4-9 of the outlet pipe B is approximately 35 feet in distance. To show an assembled View of the device it has been necessary to break through the sectional views to shorten the same in order that they might be put on a sheet of drawing in assembled position.

It will be readily understood that my pumping mechanism which includes the parts B to L inclusive, together with their supplemental parts, are lowered within the well or well casing A until the same are completelysubmerged in the vtluid in the well casing. In a deep well it will therefore beV understood that the discharge pipe or casing B and the inlet high pressure pipe or casing C runs the entire depth of the well and extends from the top of the well to any point desired. Should it be desired, the pumping mechanism can be lowered until the same. is resting upon the bottom ot the well or pipe A.

The top end of the inlet pipe C is designated at 10 and is to be connected to any desirable form of pump or power plant or pump such as disclosed in F ig. 5 of the drawing which will force liquid at high pressure down the pipe. The upper end of the discharge pipe. B is designated at 11 andruns oit as at 12 to any desired point where the same may empty into a tank 10() or the like. It will-be seen that the top end 10 of the inlet pipe C extends through the top end 11 of the discharge pipe B through suitable packing 13 or the equivalent. The particular manner of branching the to) end of the inlet and outlet pipes away irom each other forms no particular part of this invention and therefore the description of this. feature is dealt with only broadly. I

It is important however to have means of communication, preferably above the well, between the upper ends of the inlet and outlet pipes and I have provided this communi.

cation in the form of a pipe 14 which joins them, as clearly appears in Fig. 1 ot the drawings. The top end 10 of the inlet pipe C is provided with a valve 15 at a point below that where the pipe 14 enters. rl`he branch 12 of the outlet pipe B is provided with a valve 16 at a point beyond that where the pipe 14 enters this branch. The connecting pipe 14 is provided with a valve 17 at a point intermediate its ends. The purpose of this construction will be described later.

As previously mentioned the outlet pipe B extends down the well or casing A and in reality with its continuations forms the outer shell or casing of the entire pumping mechanism. The inlet pipe C which is of a smaller diameter than that of the outlet pipe extends down lthe outlet pipe to a point 25 where it is scre-w-threadedly or otherwise suitably attached to an extension pipe or housing 26 which, ,as clearly appears, has an open top 24 and has very thick walls, ene of .which is provided with a high pressure. inlet port or opening 27 communicating with a. downwardly extending channel 28 which I have termed the working valve cylinder and is provided at its lower end with a high pressure outlet port 29. At a point below the channel or working valve cylinder 28 andA in the saine wall of the pipe or housing 26 is another downwardly extending channel 30 having ports 3l and 32 at its upper and lower ends respectively.

The inner lower end of the pipe or housing 26 is closed by a bottom 33 while the space between the housing 26 and the outlet pipe B is closed by a circumferential web or collar 34 positioned adjacent the bottom of the housing and stops all down flow in the pipe B at this point. Communication between the housing 26 and the outlet pipe B above the web 34 is had through two separated discharge outlet ports 35 and 36. Communication between the housing 26 and the outlet pipe B below the web 3st is had by means of the channel 37 having ports 38 and 39 at its ripper and lower ends respectively. The communication between the housing 26 and the continuation 2Ga ot the said housing which I have termed the plunger rod packing case is had around the bottom 33 of the housing 26 through the before mentioned channel 3() having ports 31 and 32 at its ends.

The plunger' rod pac-king case 26a which, of course, is cylindrical in cross-section, ter minates in an inwardly extending circumferential shoulder or collar 40 carrying any suitable packing or packing rings 40.

- suitable form of This circumferential shoulder 40 of the case 26n in reality C. The continuation of flow of the fluid in this pressure pipe C is had through openings 41 which I have termed plunger ports inasmuch as they are in the top ofthe plunger rod Gr.

The plunger rod G is hollow as at 42 and the upper end of this rod reciprocates in the plunger rod packing case 26a the walls of the plunger rod engaging of course the packing 4()a of the ease. The plunger rod Gr is provided with a piston H intermediate its ends and this piston is adapted to reciprocate withinl the outlet. pipe vB or the working barrel L between the bottom of the ease 26 and the inwardly extending circumferential shoulder or flange 43 of the pipe B. rI`he piston H is provided with .suitable pa'cking or packing rings 44 which engage the inner side of the outlet pipe B while the circumferential shoulder 43 of the outlet pipe is pro-vided with suitable packing 45 which` engages the outer face of the plunger rod extension below the piston H. The plunger rod is provided with suitable ports 46, which I have termed the working barrel ports, positioned below the piston. lThese ports provide communication between the hollow plunger rod and the outlet pipe B intermediate the piston H and the circumferential shoulderA 43, which is in fact the working barrel or cylinder and is designated at;L.

As clearly appears in the dra-wings the plunger rod continues past the circumferential shoulder 43 of the outlet pipe B and carries on its lower end the pump plunger .I which is provided with suitable packing or packing rings 47 which engages the wall of the outlet pipe B. The plunger rod is open at its bottom and is provided with any suitable ball-valve 48 or its equivalent. It will be readily understood that if it should be desirable a double ball valve could be used in place of the single valve shown.

No particular description is given of this valve as many of the well known valve constructions could be utilized in the place of the particular simple valve construction shown in the drawings.

The outlet pipe B terminates in a bottom 49 having an opening 50 provided with any ball-valve 5l or its equivalent.

The space between the bottom 49 of the outlet pipe B and the shoulder or flange 43constitutes the pump cylinder K and in the particular pump shown here in the drawings it is intended thatthis cylinder be of sufficient depth to allow a five foot stroke of the pump\plunger. The pump chamber K is provided with breather ports 52 in communication with the well or well casing A and these ports are located immeends the inner pipe or caslng.

' the piston 62 diately below or adjacent the circumferential shoulder 43 of the outlet pipe B.

As this pumping device is using a fluid. column as a motive power it is necessary to have certain valve arrangements whereby the motive power is directed in the proper channels and it is also necessary to have means for directing the motive power to cause a reversal of the movement of the pump piston and plunger. I will now take up the description of the reversing mecha- `nism and of the valves used to control and direct thefflow of the fluid motive power.

, I have previously spoken ofthe control valve housing D and in connection with this housing it is noted that the same is supported within the extension pipe or housing 26 of the inlet pipe C by means of an outwardly extending circumferential flange 53 supported upon an inwardly extending shoulder 54`of the housing 26. The control valve housing .is provided at its lower end with'a bottom having a central opening therein and the housing is further provided intermediate its topy and its lower end with an inwardly extending circumferential shoulder 57 having an opening therein. Communication between the chamber 58, which is located between the bottom 55 and the shoulder 57 of the housing, and the inlet pipe C is had through an inlet port 59 which I have termed the control valve inlety port. The valve housing is provided with another chamber 60 between its top 55 and its circumferential shoulder 57. The chamber 60 of the valve housing D is in communication with that portion of the housing 26 below the lower end of the valve housing D through the'l medium of a channel 61.

The control valve E which causes the reversing of the direction of the movement of `the pump piston and plunger is adapted to reciprocate within the control valve housing D'and is guided in this reciprocation by the openings in the valve housing bottom 55 and shoulder 57. In ermetliate the ends of the control valve E is a circumferential outwardly projecting flange or piston 62 which limits the movement of the valve as the bottom 55 and shoulder 57 of the housing limits through contact the movement of this piston 62. The control valve E is further provided with an exhaust port 63 above and an exhaust port 64 below the piston 62. In certain positions of the valve7 which will be hereinafter described, hee poits function in a material .manner in respect to the functioning of the control valve. y

The extension of the valve E below the control valve housing D is represented at 65 and I have termed the same the-.working valve rod for the reason that this extension or rod is the actuating means for a the movement of the working valve-F herepart ofl tofore spoken of. This working valve rod 65 is hollow as at 66 to receive the control valve rod 67 which is provided at its upper end with an enlarged head 68 and is attached at its lower end 69 to the top of the pump plunger rod Cn Although a rigid connection between the control valve'rod v67 and the plunger rod G is shown it is desired to call attention to the fact that'a universal connection might' be preferable between these rods to allow come latitude of horizontal movement between them to take care of and prevent any wedging of lthe control valve rod where' it I passes through the bottom 33 of the housing 26 and the bottom 70 of the working valve' rod 65. A packing 7l is shown at the point where theV control valve passes through the bottom 33 ofthe housing 26. "f

Adjacent its bottom the working valve rod 65 is provided with an outwardly extending circumferential flange 73 while interxiieilla'te this flange and the 'top 74 of the working. valve rod is another circumferential 'flange The working valve F surrounds the working valve 4rod 65 intermediate the two flanges 73 and 7 5 just mentioned and has at its bot' torn an outwardly extending circumferential flange 76 and at its top an outwardly extend-y ing circumferential flange 77, theseflange's being provided with suitable packing 7 8' for engaging the inner face of the housing 26. As the working valve rod 65 is movedA upwardly and downwardly its flanges 73 and 7 5 engage the working .valve and move vit 62 of the control valve E with some form' of. packing and I have'found it preferable to use in this instance' what iscommo'nly'r known as a labyrinth packing'as thls'fforr'n of',pck ing will not adda'ny'material friction to be overcome'in' the movement ofthe valve and proves sufficiently tight.

Operation..

Having described the component and cooperating' parts of my improved pumping mechanism I will now take up and describe the operation of the device.

In Figlbf the drawings I have shown the pumping mechanism', at the top of the upwardstrcke effhe piston.

-Withf th^parts in tlie'psitions shown in rmt/feti Fig. 1 fluid at high pressure is being forced down through the top l0 of the inlet pipe from some suitable supply such as a hydraulic pump. This high pressure fluid or fluid column enters the open top 24 of the housing 26. The major portion of this fluid enters the channel or working valve cylinder 28 through its' upper port 27 and lcontinuing down this channel the fluid passes outwardly through the lower port 29 into the working valve F. The fluid circulates around this valve, and finds its outlet through the port 38 down the channel 37 and into the piston barrel chamber or cylinder 1 L through the port 39. The Huid then strikes the piston H and drives the same downwardly. As the. piston H' is driven downwardly the pump plunger J displaces the liquid in the pump cylinder K. yIt will bereadily understood of course that the valv`5l of the pump cylinder closes and the valve 48 of the pump plunger opens as the pump plunger descends. The liquid inthe pump cylinder is therefore displaced upwardly into the hollow pump plunger rod G and through the plunger ports 4l in the top of the plunger rod into the plunger rod packing caio 26a.' Theliquid v finds its Way from this casing upwardly through the channel 30V into the housing 26 from whence itl escapes through the lower discharge port 36 into the discharge pipe or casing B. The fluid then travels up the outlet pipe Band through its top ll'and' branch 12 to any suitable point of delivery.

Attention is rdirected to the fact that as the pump plunger and piston descend,"`tl1e` liquidin the piston barrel intermediate the piston H and the bottom or flange 43 of the barrel is displaced or exhausted into the hollow pump plunger through 'the working barrel ports 46 and joins the outlet flow of liquid. y

As the piston and pump plunger and plunger rod descend, it is obvious that the control valve rod 67 also descends as it is attached to the top of the kpump plunger. When the piston has reached a point approximately at the bottom of its stroke tho head 68`of the control rod engages the bottom 70 of the working valve rod 65 and pulls this rod downwardly together with the controlling valve E which is an integral part of the working valve rod G5.

A continued downward movement of the piston pulls the controlling valve and the working valve rod to the positions shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. Attention is called to the fact that as yet the working valve F has not moved.

As liquid under pressure is always in the inlet pipe C. liquid under pressure likewise surrounds the control valve housing D which is situated in the housing 26 which is in fact a continuation of the .inlet pipe.

les

t valve F.

Therefore when the parts are in the positions shown in Fig. l' high pressure-liquid enters through the control valve port 59 into the chamber 58. With the control valve in the position shown in Fig. l this high pressure being under the control valve piston 62 holds this valve 'against the upper shoulder 57 of the control valve housing.

W'hen the pressure on the top of the piston H has pulled the parts to the positions shown in Fig. 3, just described, the piston 62 of the control valve E is just opposite the control valve inlet port 59 and as this piston is of slightly less width than the inlet port opening 59 a leakage of high pressure luid is had through this port into the chamber 58. This leakage is .on both sides of the piston 62 of the valve and iinds escape through the exhaust ports or channels 63 and 64 above vand below the piston respectively.

As high pressure Huid is still working against the top of the piston H the control valve rod 67 is still pulling the control valve Y E downwardly an'd the instant that thepiston 62 of the valve assumes a position to close the leakage through the inlet contiol 59 below the piston the high pressure coming through this port is concentrated entirely upon the upper side ot the valve piston. This continued downward movement of the valve has closed the exhaust port 63 above the valve piston and so the pressure above the piston can not escape while that below the piston can exhaust through the port 64:. The result is that the control valve E is driven by the high pressure in a very rapid movement downwardly to the limits of its movement in this direction, which is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

In the meantime the flange 7 5 of the working valve rod 65 has engaged the top of the working valve F and when the control valve E together with its integral part, the working valve rod 65, is driven downwardly by the high pressure the working valve F is likewise carried downwardly to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

It will now be seen that the parts are in the positions shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings and that the movement of direction of the piston H is about to be reversed because the channel 37 which permits the flow of high pressure fluid out of the housing 26 against the top of the piston H has been closed by the movement of the working The movement of the working valve F in closing the channel 37 has opened the port 3l of the channel 30 and now permits the vhigh pressure fluid coming down the inlet pipe C and the channel or working valve cylinderl 28 to flow through the port 32l of the channel 30 into the housing 26a above the top of the pump cylinder G. lThis chamber 26jd now becomes a high pressure chamber or inlet chamber while on the shoulder 43 of this barrel or chamber.

'The high pressure liquid or column is now exerting an upward force beneath thepiston H and the piston will therefore start upon its upward stroke or movement, a complete reversal of the direction of the movement or" the piston having now been completed through the medium of theI control and the working'valve directing the flow of the high pressure fluid.

As the piston H ascends the liquid, which is now low pressure liquid, in the working barrel L above the piston is displaced up,- wardly and outwardly from the top of this barrel through the channel 37 and into the housing 26 at a point above the working Valve F. The fluid escapes from this housing through the upper discharge outlet port 35 into the main discharge pipe B and is 'delivered to a point above the well or source of supply.

It will be readily apparent that as ,the pump plunger J ascends its ball valve 48 will close and a suction will be created in the plunger cylinder K which will cause liquid from the well to be drawn upwardly into this cylinder, lifting the valve 5l as it enters. As the plunger .I ascends it will exhaust the liquid above it in the cylinder through the breather ports 52 out into the well or casing A.

Attention is directed to the fact that the discharge outlet port 35 discharges pumped liquid on the upward stroke of the piston and that the discharge outlet port 36 discharges pumped liquid onv the downward stroke of the piston and that both of these ports are located in the wall of the` housing 26 at a point above the web or bottom 34 of the housing 26 which forms a bottom for the main outlet pipe or casing B.

As the piston H ascends in addition to discharging iluid it lifts the control valve E to the position shown in full line in Fig. 3 through the medium of the control valve rod 67 and its top 68 which engage the ytop 74 vof the working valve rod.

When the piston 62 of the control valve.

the chamber below the working valve F upwardly to the position shown in this figure of the drawing, due to the fact that the flange 73 of the working valve rod will engage and lift the working valve.

vWith the parts aga-in in the positions shown in Fig. 1 'of the drawings the direction of movement of the piston will be reversed and it will be driven downward to the bottom of its stroke which is shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. This operation will be carried on in endless rotation so long as high pressure fluid is supplied down the inlet pipe C and of course So long as high pressure fluid is provided the pump will discharge fluid through the outlet pipe B in an amount much in excess to the amount of fluid pumped into the device at high pressure.

Oli-center position..

In Fig. 4 I have shown in full lines a position of the control and working valves which I have termed an on-center position. I do not believe it is possible for the parts to assume the positions shown in this figure of the drawings but if by some chance or mishap the valves should stop in the positions shown the device will be inoperative as all-the high pressure ports communicating with the piston are closed.

It is an essential attribute to a pumping mechanism which is many hundreds ot feet down in a well, to be provided with some means to overcome an on-center position should such a position of the parts ever occur. A great loss of time and money besides a great expenditure of effort would be necessary to pull the pumping mechanism, together with the many hundreds of feet of inlet and outlet casing pipe, out of the well to get the pumping mechanism off center.

I have therefore provided a way to overcome the dead-center position should it occur and will now proceed to describe this dead-center position and the means for overcoming it.

An examination of the positions of the control valve E and the working valve F as shown in full lines in Fig. 4 will disclose that the control valve piston 62 is in such a position in respect to the high pressure inlet port 59 that an equal amount of high pressure is on either side of the piston head in the chamber 58, thus equalizing and holding the control valve Yin the position shown.

This figure of the drawings discloses that the working valve F has closed the inlet ports of both-the high pressure channels 36 and 37 soy that no high pressure fluid can get out of the housing 26 into the working barrel L or the hollow pump plunger G. An equal amount of high pressure fluid is workin'g on the upper and lower flanges 77 and 76 respectively of the working' valve F and therefore this equalized pressure holds the working valve in .the position shown in this ligure of the drawing.

In addition the controlling valve rod head 68 is in a position to be inoperative to move either the control valve E orthe working valve F. It now becomes necessary to effect a movement of either the control valve or the working valve to allow the escape oit high pressure fluid from the housing 26 so that it will operate upon the pump piston I-I to move. the same either upwardly or downwardly and thus start the operation of the pumping mechanism.

To bring about a movement of these valves I have provided the upper end 10 of the high pressure inlet pipe C with a valve 15, the upper branch 12 of' the outlet pipe B with a valve 16, and the pipe 14 which joins these two pipes with a valve 17.

In the normal operation of the device the valves 15 and 16 are open and the valve 17 closed which allows a continuous inward flow in the inlet pipe and an outlet flow in the outlet pipe. By closing the valves 15 and 16 and opening the valve 17 the high pressure fluid is diverted from the inlet pipe to the outlet pipe through the medium of their oining connection pipe 14 and the high pressure fluid will transmit its pressure down the outlet pipe B surrounding the housing 26 and being stopped by the bottom or web 34 which extends outwardly from the housing 26, this pressure will enter the housing 26 through the upper exhaust outlet port opening 35 and will, exert a pressure upon the bottom 55 of the control valve housing D and raise this housing until its ybottom strikes the piston 62 of the control valve. The housing will continue its upward movement carrying with it the'cont-rol valve E and its integral part the working valve rod 65. As the valve rod 65 ascends its lower flange 78 will engage the working valve F' and carry the working valve upward.

The control valve housing D, the control rvalve E and the working valve F will centinue in their upward movement until the top or flange 77 of the working valve engages the internal shoulder 79 of the housing 26 which acts as a stop, at which time the parts willbe in the positions shown in dotted lines.

One intermediate point in the upward movement of the control valve housing is shown in dotted lines and when the valve housing is in this position the piston of n the control valve will be in engagemen with the bottom 55 of its housing. The upper-most dotted line position of the control valve housing D is the position it will assume when the top flange 77 of the working valve has engaged the internal shoulder 79 of the housing 26.

lVhen the valves and parts are in the po- Sitions shown in the upper-most dotted lines pump rod the pumping mechanism becomes voperative as the channel 37 is now in communication with the high pressure Huid at its upper end and the piston barrel above lthe piston at its lower end.- It remains now merely to open the valves 15 and 16y of the inlet and outlet pipes and to close the valve 17 of their connecting pipe lif at which time the high pressure will be again thrown into the inlet pipe C and as it comes down the same will strike the control valve housing D and drive the 4same down until it is seated upon the internal shoulder 54E of the housing 26. Then this downward movementI ot the control valve housing has taken place the parts et the device are in the positions shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings and the piston is receiving high pressure fluid which is causing it to make a downward stroke.

Attention is direction to the fact that when the high pressure is diverted from the inner pipe A to the outer pipe B for the purpose of carrying the pumping mechanism and its Valves from an off-center position that the valve housing D will necessarily displace a certain amount of fluid in the inner pipe A as this valve housing rises. To

take care of this displaced liquid I have.

pro-vided a by-pass pipe 100 which connects with the inner pipe'A at a point below the valve 15 and connects with the outlet pipe 12 at a point beyond the valve 16. This bypass pipe is provided with a valve 101. It will be readily apparent that when the high pressure is to be turned into the outer pipe B that the valve 101 ot the by-pa-ss pipe will be opened and when the high pressure causes the valve housing D to rise the displaced liquid above this housing in the pipe A will ind outlet through the by-pass pipe 1GO into the outlet pipe 12 at a point beyond the valve 16 ot` the outlet pipe.

From the foregoing descriptions of thc device and its operation it will be seen that my device is in reality a combined hydraulic engine and pump inasmuch as the piston I-I of the pumping mechanism acts as an engine piston and a pump piston for displacing the l liquid upwardly through the dischargeipipe.

Another peculiarity of the device is that the engine exhausts the high pressure into the pump delivery pipe and thereby displaces some of the liquid which is pumped through the outlet pipe and that the hollow G acts alternately as a pump dis charge and a high pressure inlet and in addition acts simultaneously as a pump discharge and engine exhaust.

I believe another peculiar and novel fea- `ture of my device is that the same has only two valves and that it has only one inlet and one outlet pipe. The advantage of the use of only one inlet and one outlet pipe has been previously stated as a necessary attribute to the device because my pumping mechanism must necessarily have a small dia-Inetrical dimension to allow its being lowered into a well or well casing orsome similar source of liquid supply.

It is believed that it will be readily understood that my deviceoperates upon difi ferential iuid pressures.

ing tiuid under pressure to the inlet pipe,

for the purpose described.

2. A pumping apparatus of the class described comprising an inner and an outer pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within -the pipes, aI pressure mechanism communicating with one of said pipes at a point above the said pumping mechanism, and the pressure selectively in communication with the inner and outer pipes surrounding the pumping mechanism.-

3. A pumping apparatus of the class described comprising an inner and an outer pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, the pumping mechanism being provided with a hollow plunger rod provided with a piston, a pressure mechanism communicating with one of said pipes at a point above the pumping mechanism, and the pressure alternately inV communication with the interior and exterior of the pump plunger rod, for the purpose described.

4. A pumping apparatus of the class described, comprising an inlet and an outlet pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, the pumping mechanism provided with a hollow plunger rod provided with a piston,a pressure mechanism comi munie-ating with one of said pipes at a point above the pumping mechanism, and means within the pumping mechanism whereby the pressure is alternately directed above and below the plunger rod piston, for the purpose described.

5. A pumping apparatus of the class described comprising 'au inner and an outer pipe, a` pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, a pressure mechanism comnmnicating with one of said pipes at a point above the said pumping mechanism, and means within the vpumping mechanism to selectively direct the pressure from the inner to the outer pipes nf the pumping mechanism.

6. A pumping apparatus of the class described, comprising an inner and an outer pipe, a double acting pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes. and a pressure mechanism in 'communication with one 'of said pipes at a point above the said pumping mechanism, tor the purpose described.

7. A pumping.y apparatus of the class described, comprising an inner. and an outer pipe, a pumping mechanism carried by said pipes, a pressure mechanism communicating with one of said pipes at a pomtabove the said pumping mechanisrna plunger rod,'a pistcn for the pumping mechanism carried by said plunger rod, and reciprocating means within the pumping mechanism for alternately directing the pressure above and below the piston toi-.the purpose described.

8. A pumping apparatus of the class described, comprising' an inner and -an outer pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, a pressure mechanism communicating with oneof said pipes at a point above the said pumping` mechanism, the upper and lower portions of the outer pipe surrounding the pumping mechanism closed against direct communication with each other, and means within the pumping mechanism to selectively direct the pressure from the inner pipe to the lower portion of the outer pipe, whereby the lower portion of the outer pipe is alternately an inlet and an outlet pipe. I

9. A pumping apparatus ofV the class described, comprising an inner and an outer pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, a pressure mechanism communicating with one ot' said pipes at a point above the said pumping mechanism, and reciprocating means within the pumping mechanism for directing the course of the pressure to alternately raise and lower the pump, said reciprocating means actuated through a portion ot its travel by the pumping mechanismand the remainder of its travel through the medium ofV the pressure.

l0;- `A pumping apparatus of the class described, 'comprising an inner and an outer,

pipe, apumping mechanism embraced within the pipes. a pressure mechanism communicating with one of saidv pipes at a point above said pumping mechanism, and means within the pipes below the pressure mechanism comprising two reciprocating valves whereby thepressure is directed to alternately raise and lower the pumping mechay nism. for the purpose described.

11. A pumping apparatus of the class described,l comprising an inner and an outer pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes. a pressure mechanism communicating with the pumping mechanism,and means within the pumping mechanism whereby the pressurev is directed to alternitely raise and lower the pumping mechanism, whereby the device operates upon differential pressures.

. 12. A pumping appa atus of the class described comprising an inner and an outer' pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced Within the pipes, La pressure mechanism. .communicating-Wit onenf said pipes .above the said pumping` mechanism, :twof waives-tor V controlling both the inletv and :outlet ,flows of athe pumping mechanisrmand the; pump z 70 adapted l,to,deliverliquid o n -botli upward. anddownward strolre's...1V

f r-i er' x 'fr .13, A pumping*apparatus-ofthe.class described comprising -zanhirinenwand ,an outer pipe, a double acting pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, and 3l-pressure mechanism communicating constantly with the inner pipe above .the said pumping mechanism, tor the purpose described. A

14. In a pumping apparatusof the class described, comprising an inner and an outer pipe, a pumping mechanism provided with a' hollow plunger rod carrying a piston, a pressure mechanism communicating with one of said pipes above the said pumpingmecha- 8 nism, means for alternately directing the pressure to the interior and exterior ofsaid hollow plunger rod whereby the pressure vis alternately directed above and below the pump piston, and the pumping mechanism @o constructed sowthat the 'pump piston discharges alternately ,directly Y through the outer pipe and through-the hollow plunger` into the outer pipe, Wherebytheplunger rod acts alternately as a pump dischargeand a 95 high pressure inlet, for the purpose described. i, l5. .lnA a pumping appai'atusf the yclassdescribed comprising an inner and an vouter pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipe s, a pressure mechanism commu.- nicating with oneof said pipes at a point above the-said pumping niechanism,.apiston for the pumping mechanism, valves ,for directing the course of the pressure, and the valves so arranged that a leakage ot fluid acts as a displacement medium. c

16. A pumping apparatus of the class de! scribed, comprising a hollow plunger rod provided with a piston, the plunger iod leo .adapted to act. alternately as a pump discharge and a. high pressure inlet, a pressure mechanism communicating with said pumping mechanism, means to alternately direct the pressure above and below the piston, whereby the pumping mechanism acts as a combined hydraulic pump and engine.

17. A pumping apparatus of the classdescribed, comprising a pumping` mechanism, a pressure mechanism communicating with said piimpingmeclianism, a piston for the pumping mechanism, a hollow pump plunger rod for the piston, the plunger rod adapted to act alternately as a pump dis- 25 charge and a high pressure inlet, a high pressure inlet conduit, a low pressure discharge conduit, the plunger rod having openings below the piston, and means to alternately direct the high pressure above and below the piston, whereby the pumping mechanism iis yacts asa. combined hydraulic pumpV and enldivert the pressure from the inner to the outer. pipe ata point above the said pumping mechanism, for .the purpose described.

.19. A'pumping apparatus of the class described comprising an inner and an outer pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, a hollow pump plunger rod provided with a. piston, a housing above the plunger rod containing a pair of valves, a pressure mechanism communicating withl the inner pipe at a point above the pumping mechanism, the valve Ahousing and pumping mechanism in communication, and the valves and plunger rod operatively connected whereby the pressure will be directed from the valvehousing alternately internally and externally to the plunger rod.

20. A pumping apparatus of the'classdescribed, comprising an inner inlet pipe andan outer outlet pipe concentrically arranged, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, a pressure mechanism communicating with the inlet pipe at a point above the said pumping mechanism, a hollow pump plunger rod provided at its bottom with a plunger` and intermediate its ends with a piston, a cylinder for theplunger, a cylinder for the piston, means to alternately direct the pressure into the hollow plunger and into the piston cylinder whereby the piston cylinder and the hollow plunger rod alternately serve as discharge pipes for the Huid displaced by the plunger and the piston.4

21. A pumping apparatus of the class described, comprising an inner inlet pipe and an outer outlet pipe concentrically arranged, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, a pump plunger rod provided with a pump plunger and a piston, a control valve and a working valve operativelyconnected, a pressure mechanism communicating with the inner pipe at a point above the pumping mechanism, a connection between the pump plunger rod and the valves .whereby the valves are moved a predetermined distance by the movement of the pump plunger rod, andthe control valve adapted to be operated at a predetermined time by the pressure, for the purpose described.

22. A pumping apparatus of the classdescribed, comprising an inner and an outerV pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced with.- in the pipes, a pressure mechanism communicating with one of said pipes, a piston and al hollow plunger rod, and the pressure alternately `in communiaticii lthrough the plunger rod with the lower side of the piston and alternately around the plunger rody with the top of the piston.

23. A pumping apparatus of the class de.

scribed, comprising an inner and outer pipe, apumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, a pressure mechanism communicating with one of said pipes, a pump cylinder, a piston, a hollow pump plunger, and the pressure alternately in communication directly with the pump cylinder and with the hollow plunger.

24. A pumping apparatus ofthe class described, comprising an inner and an outer pipe, a double acting pumping mechanism carried thereby and forming said pipes into an inletand outlet passage, a pressure mechanism, the pumping mechanism profvided with a piston, and means to direct the mechanism communicating with the inner pressure to alternately raise and lower said pump piston. t

25. A pumping-apparatus of the class described comprising an inlet and an outlet pipe, a pumping mechanism provided with a piston, a pressure mechanism communieating with one of said pipes, and hydraulically operated means within the pumping mechanism whereby the pressure is alternately directed above and below the pump piston, for t-he purpose described.

26. A control valve for a pumping appa-4 ratus, comprising an elongated valve rod adapted for engagement with another valve, a piston for the control valve, ahousing for the piston, and means to reciprocate the valve piston within the,v housing, for the purpose described.

27. In a device of thecharactei'` described,

a controlv valve, a working valve, a housing for` the control valve anda housing for the working valve, the valves in operative engagement, and means to actuate the control valve, whereby the valves operatev as and for the purpose-described.

v' 28. In a device of the character described, a control valve and a working valve opera.- ti-vely connected, separate housings for the valves, the connection between the control valve and the working valve'having a lost v motion movement, and means to actuate the control valve, for the purpose described.

29. A pumping apparatus of the class described, comprising an'inner and outer pipe, a pumping mechanism embraced within the pipes, a pressure mechanism communicating with one of said pipes, a *pistonl for the pumping mechanism, a hollow pump 'plunger rod, a cylinder :for the piston, communication between the piston cylinder and the hollow plunger at a point below the piston, whereby the piston is cushioned at the bottom of its downward stroke,

30, e pumping apparatus 911th@ dass der 1go y 

